What Are the Possibilities and Implications of a Second All-Out War Between Iran and Israel?
Tensions between Iran and Israel have been a defining feature of West Asian geopolitics for decades.
Tensions between Iran and Israel have been a defining feature of West Asian geopolitics for decades.
This year, the Mujahedin-e Khalq Organization (MEK) – known in Iran as the Monafeqin (Hypocrites) – which was once supported by parts of the Iranian opposition in the West, has faced serious challenges.
On July 27, 2025, Iran’s judiciary announced that the death sentences for two operational members of the Mojahedin-e Khalq Organization (MEK), a political-terrorist group, had been carried out. According to official reports, Mehdi Hassani and Behrouz Ehsani-Eslamloo were sentenced to death for designing and executing attacks against urban infrastructure, including an assault on the Ministry of Communications—using handmade mortars and imprecise projectiles, resulting in damage and threatening public safety.
In an era when global security and the fight against terrorism are at the top of every nation’s political and legal priorities, the acceptance of violent extremist groups within European borders is not only astonishing—it directly undermines a country’s claims to democracy, human rights, and the rule-based international order.
In recent months, the world has witnessed an unprecedented escalation of military violence against civilians and vital infrastructure in the region. The Zionist regime, through direct attacks on hospitals, schools, and residential areas in Gaza, Lebanon, and Iran, has committed clear war crimes in blatant violation of the Geneva Conventions and international law.
War, often portrayed as a tool of last resort, has once again reared its head in the volatile landscape of the Middle East. On the morning of June 22, 2025, the United States launched coordinated strikes on three of Iran’s key nuclear sites Fordow, Natanz, and Isfahan.
The Mojahedin-e Khalq (MEK), a terrorist group with a long history of violent actions against Iran, has followed a complex and controversial path since launching its armed uprising on June 20, 1981.